Remote Sensing of Forest Structural Changes Due to the Recent Boom of Unconventional Shale Gas Extraction Activities in Appalachian Ohio
نویسندگان
چکیده
Dense unconventional shale gas extraction activities have occurred in Appalachian Ohio since 2010 and they caused various landcover changes forest fragmentation issues. This research investigated the most recent boom of their impacts on structural Muskingum River Watershed Ohio. Triple-temporal high-resolution natural-color aerial images from 2006 to 2017 a group ancillary geographic information system (GIS) data were first used digitize due these activities. Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) was then employed form patches as objects accurately quantify connectivity. Lastly, initial updated loss core two-dimensional (2D) changes, canopy height models (CHMs) derived airborne light detection ranging (LiDAR) point clouds volume three-dimensional (3D) changes. The results indicate consistent format but uneven spatiotemporal development formed two apparent hotspots. Two-thirds well pad facilities half pipeline right-of-way (ROW) corridors constructed during raising phase boom. At end boom, significant already both hotspots active activities, areal reached up 14.60% densest concentrated regions These call for attention ecological studies targeted broader regions.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Remote Sensing
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2315-4632', '2315-4675']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13081453